Portable solar generator power structure and working principle

It consists of a set of AC + DC charging + AC and DC inverters. When the utility power is normally supplied, the battery in the portable solar generator is charged. Once the main power supply is interrupted, the battery immediately outputs the stored DC power to the inverter and converts it to AC power to supply the computer equipment, thereby maintaining power continuity to the computer equipment. Under normal circumstances, the small and medium power backup UPS is powered by the battery for about 10 to 30 minutes.It consists of a set of AC + DC charging + AC and DC inverters. When the utility power is normally supplied, the battery in the UPS is charged. Once the main power supply is interrupted, the battery immediately outputs the stored DC power to the inverter and converts it to AC power to supply the computer equipment, thereby maintaining power continuity to the computer equipment. Under normal circumstances, the small and medium power backup UPS is powered by the battery for about 10 to 30 minutes.

1. AC filter voltage regulation loop
The AC filter circuit mainly filters and purifies the input AC power and removes interference components from the power grid. And pressure adjustment within a certain range.

2. Rectifier charging circuit
The rectification charging circuit rectifies the alternating current into direct current, charges the battery through the charging circuit, and supplies the required direct current to the inside.

3. Battery pack circuit
Widely used in small and medium sized UPS is the M-type sealed battery, which is a sealed maintenance-free battery. Typically, each battery is rated for 2V, 4V, 6V or 12V. They are connected in series and in parallel to form a battery pack for the UPS. The specification capacity of the battery is expressed in ampere-hours (Ah), such as 12V, 6Ah / 20hR. It shows that the battery’s output voltage is 12V and the rated capacity is 6Ah. The index refers to the total ampere-hours measured when the battery is discharged at a rate of 20 hours (discharge current is 6/20 = 0.3 A), and is discharged until the final voltage of the battery output is 10.5 V. The battery is an important part of the UPS. The performance and quality of the battery directly affects the quality of the UPS power supply. Its cost accounts for more than 1/3 of the total machine cost.

4. Pulse width modulation type (PWM) inverter and control circuit
In UPS, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is commonly used to convert DC to AC, and a circuit that converts DC to AC is called an inverter. The inverter and its control circuit are the core circuits of the UPS. For the standby UPS, when the power supply voltage is lower than 170V, the internal AC voltage regulator circuit cannot maintain the normal 220V output, the inverter starts to work, and the DC power stored in the battery is converted into AC power. The output waveform is usually a square wave, and some UPS output waveforms are sine waves. When the mains supply rises above 180V, the inverter stops working and returns to the main power state (regulated output is 220V).For online UPS, the inverter is always in the inverter operating state. When commercial power is supplied, the alternating current is continuously rectified to direct current and then inverted to an alternating current output (the output waveform is a sine wave). When the mains voltage drops below 170V, the inverter converts the DC power stored in the battery to an AC output. When the utility power rises to 180V, it returns to the main power state.

5. Detection alarm protection circuit
In order to ensure safe and reliable operation of the UPS, the UPS must have complete detection and protection circuitry. General UPS is equipped with overcurrent, overvoltage, no-load protection, battery voltage is too low, battery polarity and AC polarity detection circuit, indicator light and horn alarm circuit.

6. Intelligent monitoring and communication circuit
The new intelligent UPS has the function of communicating with the computer and automatically monitoring. The UPS monitoring software can monitor the operation of the UPS and the power line at any time through the interface communication line, record and prompt the power failure situation, and automatically handle data storage and system protection during power failure.